[By Dr. Raju G.C. Thomas. Professor of Political
Science at Marquette University.]
[Excerpts from a report by Dr. Thomas and his
fact-finding mission to Yugoslavia in April 1993]
General Observations
A whole nation and ethnic group-men, women and children-appear to be
incarcerated in a giant prison. Western policy and the media campaign is
such that ALL Serbs are being economically and psychologically
destroyed. The word "SERBS" has been made synonymous with the word
"EVIL." Even the Jewish Anti-Defamation League has become caught up in
propagating a vicious campaign of defamation against the Serbs on behalf
of Franjo Tudjman. Using the Jewish Holocaust as their exclusive domain
and forgetting the holocaust of the Serbs, the American Jewish Congress
has gone overboard in their calls to bomb the Serbs. (This is in contrast
to the sense of reason and sanity provided by other Jewish figures such
as Simon Wiesenthal, A. M. Rosenthal, Nora Beloff, Henry Kissinger, and
others). Serbs everywhere see themselves being dehumanized, demonized and
punished severely for events over which they have little control.
The problem is not "self-pity" among the Serbs, as the Westem media has
claimed repeatedly in several articles amd commentaries. The underlying
problem is the zealous self-righteousness, moral hypocrisy, and political
arrogance that now permeates the Western media in the unipolar post-Cold
War era.
Through clever manipulation by the Western, and especially US media, all
pro-Serbian views have been shut out or are presented in weak form so that
they may be demolished later. Pictures and images presented are selective
and deliberately provocative to whip up mass public emotion to justify
"bombing the Serbs."
When pictures of Serbian victims are shown, their ethnicity is not
identified so as to give the impression that these are Muslims or Croats.
One American newspaper even took the picture of a Serbian rape victim
clearly identified in a caption in a Canadian newspaper, then reprinted
that picture under a caption identifying her as a Muslim victim.
This American media strategy of dehumanizing the Serbs-all Serbs-is to
make bombing the Serbs more palatable to the American public. Selectivity
of images to be conveyed to the American and global public is the key to
this strategy. All the crimes committed against the Serbs are deliberately
played down or passed off as Serbian atrocities through acts of omission.
In April, 1993, entire Muslim families and the razing of homes and villages
in Central Bosnia were portrayed on television channels in Milwaukee and
Minneapolis showing the horrific pictures of charred bodies of Muslims
without mentioning that the perpetrators of these crimes were Croatian
soldiers. The following clip then showed Serbian activities in Eastern
Bosnia around Srebenica, further crystalling the impression that atrocities
in Central Bosnia were committed by Serbs.
In a press conference that took place soon thereafter, President Clinton
described these atrocities committed by Croats against Muslims in April,
1993, as "qualitatively different" from those committed by the Serbs.
How much more "qualitatively different" could atrocities be than the
deliberate burning alive of whole families, or throwing grenades into
homes of innocent civilian families and then shooting them dead as they
run out of their homes m terror to escape the blasts?
There are no words such as "anti-semitism" or "racism" to describe this
attitude of total insensitivity towards all Serbs that is beginning to
permeate American Society from the president of the United States down.
Bill Clinton is obviously president of all of the United States, except
for the one million whole or part Serb-Americans. This generalized hate
and contempt for all Serbs that is being absorbed by most Americans is the
artful and manipulative work of the American media led by the New York
Times and the Washington Post.
War Crimes Issues
We questioned Nikola Koljevic, vice president of the "Serbian Republic" of
Bosnia about Western allegations of genocide and mass rape. He alleged
that in Sarajevo the Bosnian government was forcibly putting Serb
"recruits" to the Bosnian army in the front line of Serb artillery causing
large-scale deaths. These Serbs were then being buried alongside Muslim
soldiers in mass graves to demonstrate massacres to Western reporters.
[My impression is that this practice has occurred elsewhere in Bosnia. It
amounts to the virtual execution of Serbian men in Bosnian military
uniform in Muslim controlled territory].
Dr. Milan Bulajic, an eminent authority on international law and author of
"International Law and Development", is recognized for his documentation
and four-volume dissertation on the Ustasha crimes of genocide in WWII. He
is considered an expert on genocide. In an interview at the Yugoslav
equivalent of the "State Department," he said: "A crime is a crime and
should be punished, especially when committed against women and children."
But the general feeling in Yugoslavia is that Serbs are being singled out
for punishment-while the west not only ignore the war crimes committed
against Serbs in this war, but also more atrocious crimes committed
elsewhere in the world in the past. Especially troubling is the creation of
an ad hoc International War Crimes Tribunal to try Serbs alone. Both Milan
Bulajic and Nikola Koljevic indicated that Yugoslavia would have no
objection to a permanent war crimes tribunal that would examine all the
crimes committed during the current war as well as crimes committed elsewhere
in the past and likely to be committed in the future. There was a question
as to why an ad hoc tribunal was necessary, since the accusation of war
crimes against Serbia has already been submitted to the International Court
of Justice.
It was observed that the international investigators looking into war
crimes are essentially working for the prosecution; thy are only looking
for evidence to convict, not to acquit. Thus, the prosecutors appear also
to be the judges. There appears to be no higher court of appeal for the
Serbs. In the minds of the Western and especiallv American media, Serbs
have already been tried and found guilty. They will accept no other
verdict. The international legal process is a formality.
My impression of the intended international war crimes tribunal was that
it violated every principle of justice and fair play. The system and
process would be thrown out as a cruel farce in any domestic Western
democratic society.
What is being set up is nothing more than an "Ad Hoc International Kangaroo
Court" decked with the frills of respectability to pacify the hysterical
and revengeful demands of an American-led Western lynch mob. There has been
for some time an array of deeply prejudiced Western news to reporters
collecting evidence against the Serbs who have committed war crimes. Few
of them are interested in listening to (let alone discovering) war crimes
committed against the Serbs.
The Question of Ethnic Cleansing & Genocide
Much has been made about Serbian "ethnic cleansing." It has been equated
with genocide. Actually, it is no more so than "Zionism is Racism." The
Jews were the victims of that Arab hate propaganda. The Serbs are now the
on victims of this new American-Jewish hate propaganda, despite protests
by Simon Wiesenthal who insists that the two conditions are not the same
thing. If it were, the creation of Israel must also have been a case of
genocide, since 800,000 Palestinians were "cleansed" out of in Palestine
to make room for the settlement of European Jews from another continent.
Some of the loudest voices protesting the
"genocide" by the Serbs in the Balkan
conflict are those of the Turks, Germans
and Croatians. Ironically, members of
these three nationalities were responsible
for the worst genocides in the 20th century.
There is almost a craving to discover genocide by the Serbs on the part of
the American media and American Jews. Massacres committed by Serbs are
genocide, but not massacres committed aginst the Serbs. Ethnic cleansing
by the Serbs is genocide, but not that committed by the other slde against
Serbs. Figures of Muslims and Croats killed are not just inflated but
amount to lies. The American media is not going to be cheated out of their
"genocide." The projected figures of the number of people who died in
Croatia and Bosnia are deliberately intended to mislead. Of the 10,000 or
16,000 who died during the war in Croatia (the figure fluctuates), at
least 40 percent were Serbs. The number of Muslim civilians who died in
Bosnia was first projected at 17,000 in late fall, 1992. By early January
1993, this figure was increased to 20,000 dead. But suddenly the figure
ranged between 150,000 to 500,000 under a new category of "dead or
missing." This missing did not imply "presumed dead" but is deliberately
intended to convey that impression to substantiate claims of genocide.
Indeed, without any evidence, the "missing" have all now been converted to
"dead" by respectable newspapers such as the Christian Science Monitor.
Thus, "dead" Muslim civilians increased in a matter of weeks from 18,000
to 150,000.
Inter-ethnic strife everywhere in the world invariably leads to "ethnic
cleansing" of greater or lesser degree. When Pakistan was created in
1947, 8 million Hindus and Sikhs from West Punjab and Sindh fled to
India, and 5 million Muslims from East Punjab fled-to Pakistan. The Muslim
uprising in Kashmir has led to the "ethnic cleansing of all the 300,000
Kashmir Hindu Pundits of the Valley that had lived there since 1,000 B.C.
Jews in Israel are not anxious to live next door to Palestinian Muslims,
especially when both sides still hate and kill each other Bombing the Serbs
will not make Serbs want to live peacefully with Croats and Muslims after
all this violence and bloodshed. The solution to inner city crime or racial
strife in the U.S. would not be to impose sanctions agarnst all Blacks and
Hispanics, or to bomb the inner cities of America. There can only be
political and social solutions to such problerns, not military ones.
Senator Biden claims that Europeans would have acted differently if the
Muslims were Christians instead. As a matter of fact, Biden's deep concern
for Bosnian Muslims is not because they are Muslims. It is because they
are Whites. The greatest victimization of Asian or African Muslims would
not have raised the same level of concern. Senator Robert Dole, who always
carried a personal pathological hate for the Serbs long before this crisis
erupted, has called for bombing the Serbs and for lifting the arms embargo
on the Muslims. He fears the "annihilation of the Albanians" otherwise.
The deaths of innocents are the usual casualties of war, and bombing will
not reduce the level of killing of innocents. According to the New England
Journal of Medicine, the American strategic bombing of Iraq may have led
to the direct or indirect deaths of about 47,000 Iraqi children under the
age of five. The American bomb dropped on a shelter where American
intelligence thought Saddam Hussein was hiding killed 400 Iraqi women and
children. There were no American cameras to record the tragedy, and there
was no American grief or remorse for their deaths.
Israeli bombings of Palestinian terrorist hideouts in the Palestinian
refugee camps in Lebanon have always led to the deaths of many more
innocents than that inflicted by Palestinian terrorists on Israelis.
However, killing many more innocent civilians with bombs from American
and Israeli war planes appears to be moral so long as the targets are
strategic even if the bombers know in advance that many innocent civilians
will be killed.
You cannot bomb ethnic groups who now hate each other so much into living
together in tolerance and goodwill.
Since it was a German-led Europe that
decided that Croatians, Slovenians and
Muslims could not and must not live in
a Serbian-dominated Yugoslavia ... the
Serbs have every right now to refuse to
live in a Croatian-dominated Croatia or
a Muslim-dominated Bosnia.
Photo: A photo mosaic of Serb children, victims of
extermination by Muslims and Croats.
Photo caption:
More than 100,000 Serbian children under the
age of 10 were exterminated by Muslims and
Croats in 1941 as "ENEMIES OF THE STATE"
=======
Raju G.C. Thomas Raju G.C. Thomas is professor of Political Science at Marquette University in Millwaukee, Wisconsin, and adjunct senior research fellow at the Center for International Relations, U.C.L.A. He was visiting scholar and research fellow at Harvard University (1980-81, l988-89), U.C.L.A. (1982-83), M.l.T. (1988 89), and the International Institute for Strategic Studies-London (1991-92). His books include: "The Defence of India," 1978, "Indian Security Policy," 1986, "Deferrence and Stability in South Asia," 1993, "Security, Democracy and Development in South Asia", 1993/94. He is a contributing editor of "The Grect Power Triangle and Asian Security," 1983, "Energy and Security in the Industrializing World," 1990, and "Perspectives on Kashmir," 1992. He has published extensively in professional journals, edited books and leading newspapers. Raju Thomas was educated at Bombay University, the London School of Economics and U.C.L.A., from where he obtauled his Ph.D.